Glossary
Comprehensive glossary of Saudi tokenization terminology — CMA regulatory terms, SAMA fintech definitions, capital markets nomenclature, and blockchain infrastructure concepts.
A
Atomic Settlement
A settlement mechanism where the exchange of securities and payment occurs as a single indivisible transaction — either both legs settle simultaneously or neither settles — eliminating counterparty risk and enabling T+0 finality on Tadawul's digital securities platform.
D
Digital Asset Custody
The safekeeping of private cryptographic keys that control ownership of digital asset securities on distributed ledgers — requiring CMA licensing, SAR 25M minimum capital, 95% cold storage, and quarterly proof-of-reserves attestation in Saudi Arabia.
P
Payment Tokens
Digital representations of value issued against receipt of funds and accepted as payment — including SAR-referenced stablecoins and e-money tokens — regulated by SAMA under the Payment Token Regulatory Framework with 100% reserve backing requirements.
S
Smart Contracts
Self-executing programs deployed on distributed ledgers that automate the terms of tokenized securities — including profit distribution, redemption, compliance enforcement, and Sharia purification — subject to CMA security audit and Sharia board review requirements.
T
Tokenized Securities
Digital representations of ownership rights in financial instruments — including sukuk, equities, bonds, and fund units — issued and settled using distributed ledger technology under CMA regulatory oversight in Saudi Arabia.